After a period of trial and error learning, the young birds learn the syntax and perfect the dances.
2.
This provided cases where behaviour that seemed to imply higher mental processes could be explained by simple trial and error learning ( what we would now call operant conditioning ).
3.
We have passed through a long trial and error learning process, the result of which was our founding fathers'refusal to adopt the Jakarta Charter, so let's close the case and make it part and parcel of the past.